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Mystery #1Tier 2fossils / rock

How does a soft, living animal end up as solid stone millions of years later?

A living animal is soft, warm and full of water. Yet in a museum you can pick up a dinosaur bone that is now cold, heavy rock. Somehow the animal did not simply rot away and vanish, it turned into stone. How does soft flesh and bone become solid rock?

A coiled ammonite fossil, its ribbed spiral shell preserved in solid grey rock
Photo: Hannes Wilms · CC BY-SA 4.0 · via Wikimedia Commons

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