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Mystery #1Tier 1-2fungi / microbes

How does a spoonful of yeast make a whole lump of dough puff up?

A whole spoonful of yeast is just a jar of dull beige powder, yet mix it into a lump of dough, leave it in a warm spot, and an hour later the dough has swollen to twice the size, soft and full of holes. Nobody pumped any air in. So how does a sprinkle of powder puff up a whole lump of dough?

Two slices of crusty bread showing an airy crumb full of holes left by trapped gas
Photo: Infrogmation · CC BY-SA 4.0 · via Wikimedia Commons

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